How to prevent STDs
For example, while using a condom does not eliminate the chance of contracting an STD completely, it provides substantial protection and reduces the risk.
toilet handles bathroom door handles light switches
A person can raise public health concerns with the relevant authority of the public space or facility.
Examples of STDs and how they spread According to the World Health Organization (WHO),Trusted Source the following types are the most common curable STDs:
trichomonas
chlamydia
gonorrhea
Most of the time, STDs spread through sexual contact with someone carrying the infection.
They transmit through vaginal, anal, or sometimes oral sex. An STD can spread through contact with the following:
genitals
rectum
body fluids
skin
mouth
However, some STDs can also spread through:
pregnancy
childbirth
breastfeeding
contact with blood or body fluids
People can consult a sexual health clinic to discuss any concerns and ensure they receive appropriate testing.
How to prevent STDs
Seveal methods can reduce the chances of contracting an STD.
For example, while using a condom Kolkata escorts service does not eliminate the chance of contracting an STD completely, it provides substantial protection and reduces the risk.
A person can also undergo regular STD tests to reduce the chance of unknowi
How long does it take for STD symptoms to show?
Incubation period
How soon
Different STIs
Dormant STIs
Importance
Summary
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), or sexually transmitted infections (STIs), usually pass from person to person through sexual contact. Testing can help make sex safer and ensure people receive proper treatment for STIs
Each STI has its own incubation period, which is how long it takes for symptoms to appear. In some cases, it can take months for an STI to show up on tests. In other cases, it may only take days.
This article explores the incubation periods of different STIs, how soon people can get tested, and the importance of testing.
STI incubation period
Oscar Wong/Gety Images
The incubation periodTrusted Source is how long it takes for symptoms to appear after exposure. The window period is how long it takes to get a positive test result for the infection after exposure. These periods are often similar.
Some general symptoms that indicate a person might have an STI includeTrusted Source:
genital itching or burning
pain during intercourse or urination
a new or unusual discharge
bumps or growths on or around the genitals
a foul smell coming from the genitals or after sex
However, some STIs do not cause symptoms for many years, even though a person can still get a positive test result. This is why it is important to rely on testing, not just symptoms.
How soon can a person get tested?
In most cases, a person can get an STI test within a few weeks of exposure. If a person has a curable STI, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, they may need a retest after treatment.
People at high risk of certain STIsTrusted Source should ask for a retest, even after a negative result. For example, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend annual HIV testing for people at risk, such as those whose partners have HIV or people who share needles.
STI testing table
The testing window for common STIs is as follows:
Type of STI Pathogen type Testing window Type of test When to retest after treatment
HIV virus 10–33 days for a nucleic acid test.
18–45 days for an antigen/antibody test.
23–90 days for an antibody test Blood or saliva test. Blood nucleic acid test gives earliest results None
Chlamydia bacteria 1–2 weeks Blood or urine sample, or swab of the throat, rectum, cervix, or vagina 3 months
Trichomonas protozoa (parasite) 1 week to 1 month Swab of rectum, penis, or vagina 2 weeks
Syphilis bacteria Within 3 weeks after sores appear. Sores appear usually 1 week after exposure Blood test 6 and 12 months
Gonorrhea bacteria 5 days to 2 weeks Blood or urine test. Swab of the anus, urethra, cervix, or throat Test 2 weeks after treatment, or 2 weeks later after exposure if the first test is negative
Herpes virus 1–4 months Blood test or swab of a sore None
HPV virus 3 weeks to a few months Pap smear in females only — no approved test for males None
Hepatitis virus 3–6 weeks for hepatitis B. 2–6 weeks for hepatitis C Blood test Retest 6 months later
HIV A nucleic acid test analyzes a blood sample for HIV. It can indicate a positive result 10–33 days after exposure. The antigen/antibody test, also a blood test, looks for HIV antibodies. It also looks for an antigen that the body produces before antibodies appear. It can get results 18–45 days after exposure.
The antibody test uses a blood or saliva sample to look for HIV antibodies. It takes the longest to get a reliable result, at 23–90 days after exposure. A person can be confident they do not have HIV if they get a negative test during the window period and have no subsequent contact with someone who could have the virus.
Chlamydia
A doctor can test for chlamydia by swabbing the vagina, cervix, rectum, or throat, or by taking a urine sample. If symptoms appear, they usually present within 7–21 days of exposure. A test can normally detect chlamydia within 1–2 weeks of exposure.
Gonorrhea
A doctor can test for gonorrheaTrusted Source with a urine sample. In some cases, they may also swab the urethra, anus, throat, or cervix to get a more reliable result.
Most testsTrusted Source can detect the infection within 5 days to 2 weeks of exposure. If a test is negative shortly after exposure, a doctor may recommend retesting 2 weeks later, particularly if a person has symptoms.
Gonorrhea symptoms usually appear from 1 day to 2 weeks after exposure.
Herpes
Herpes symptoms usually appear quickly. On average, they present 4 days after exposure, and the typical range is 2–12 days. In some cases, however, symptoms can be so mild that a person does not notice them.
A blood test can confirm a herpes diagnosis. The test may be positive within a month, and by 4 months, blood testing finds most cases.
HPV
While it is possibleTrusted Source for males to pass human papillomavirus (HPV) on to a partner, the CDC have not approved a male test. Instead, doctors may test for symptoms of the relatively rare cancers that HPV can cause, including penile cancer.
In females, HPV rarely causes symptoms. If there are indications, they could appear months or years later. The most reliable test is a Pap smear, which involves swabbing the cervix. This can detect HPV 3 weeks to a few months after exposure.
Hepatitis
In some cases, hepatitis B and C may not cause any obvious symptoms for years. If they do appear, hepatitis B usually produces signs within 6 weeks to 6 months. Hepatitis C symptoms may appear as early as 2–6 weeks, but can sometimes take as long as 6 months.
A blood test can look for both types of hepatitis. The hepatitis B testing window is 3–6 weeks, while the hepatitis C testing window is 2–6 months. Early testing at 2 months may miss some cases, so a doctor may recommend retesting at 6 months.
Trichomoniasis
A doctor can test for trichomoniasis with a swab of the rectum, penis, or vagina. Many people do not have symptoms, but some may notice a discharge or burning sensation within 5–28 days of exposure. It is possible to get a positive test within a week of exposure, though some people need to wait up to a month.
Syphilis
SyphilisTrusted Source usually begins with a sore on the genitals called a chancre. Blood tests can detect the bacteria within 1–2 weeks after the chancre appears. Chancres are typically painless and usually develop within 3 weeks of exposure, so the total testing window is about 4 weeks.
Because the development of syphilis varies from person to person, doctors often recommend retesting about 3 months after exposure.
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